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Gallagher (surname)
Gallagher (Old Irish: ''Ó Gallchobhair''; Modern Irish: ''Ó Gallachóir''), is an Irish Gaelic clan based most prominently in what is today County Donegal. The clan name originated in the 10th century as a derivative of its founder Gallchobhair mac Rorcan. They descend in the paternal line from the Northern Uí Néill's Cenél Conaill. The immediate progenitors of the Gallaghers held the High Kingship of Ireland during the 6th and 7th centuries in the form of Ainmuire mac Sétnai, Áed mac Ainmuirech, Máel Coba mac Áedo and Cellach mac Máele Coba; Áed was also an ancestor of the O'Donnell and O'Doherty clans. Indeed, during the Middle Ages, the Gallaghers were Marshals of the Kingdom of Tyrconnell, ruled by their previously junior kinsmen the O'Donnells.
==Etymology==
In Ireland the anglicized version of the name - "Gallagher" is pronounced "Gall-a-her". Outside there has been a corruption or alteration of the pronunciation, resulting in "Gall-ag-er" in some parts of Britain and the USA.
The name Gallagher is an anglicisation of the Irish surname Ó Gallchobhair (or two newer spelling forms: Ó Gallchóir and Ó Gallachóir,), these being masculine forms; the corresponding feminine forms are Ní Ghallchobhair (newer forms Ní Ghallchóir and Ní Ghallachóir), and means "foreign assistance" or "foreign helper". Apart from the aforementioned spelling there are at least 30 recorded variants including Gallacher, Gallager, Gallaher, Gallocher, Galliher, Gallaugher, Galagher, Galegher, Goligher, Golliher,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gallagher Name Meaning and History )〕 Gollaher and Gallahue.〔http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Gallahue〕
It is the most common surname in County Donegal (Dún na nGall means "fort of the foreigner") and the fourteenth most common by birth records in Ireland. In the United States, it was ranked by the 2000 U.S. Census as the 433rd most common name out of over 68,000 surnames found.〔http://www.americanlastnames.com/G/GALLAGHER.html〕 According to Professor Edward MacLysaght, in the mid 20th century Gallagher was one of the most common Irish surnames, most of the recorded births being located in the north-west provinces of Ulster and Connacht, with the majority being recorded in the homeland of the sept - Co Donegal.〔 In 1890 it was ranked the 12th most common surname in Ireland, while in 1996 it was 20th.〔http://www.irishtimes.com/ancestor/surname/index.cfm?fuseaction=History&Surname=Gallagher&UserID=〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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